Posts Tagged ‘Entia’

.

Estimados Conciudadanos,

Es hora que todos los ciudadanos retomemos los valores que fundaron nuestra nación. La dura realidad es que los dos partidos que han gobernado nuestro destino por décadas, continuamente han fallado en traernos prosperidad y han socavado el más sagrado de nuestros derechos: nuestra libertad de vivir con dignidad. Basta ya de turbios negociados que otorgan privilegios partidarios a la clase elitista en detrimento de los trabajadores.

Es hora de aliarnos por nuestra nación, por nuestro pueblo que lucha para sobrevivir. Que trabaja para proveer a  sus familias. El momento de tomar las riendas de la democracia, la autoridad del pueblo, es aquí y ahora. La unión hace a la fuerza.  Solo unidos evitaremos estar a la merced de influyentes poderes económicos que nos oprimen sin piedad. Estos grupos elitistas están solamente enfocados en su propio beneficio económico y no en la prosperidad de nuestro pueblo.

Después de consultar con mi familia, colegas y amigos de todos los estratos sociales sobre estas razones que me motivan ha advocar por mi gente…por mi gente  que lucha y sufre en silencio porque carece de una voz que sea oída… he decidido postularme a la presidencia de esta gran nación, rogándole a Dios que me guíe y proteja en esta ardua tarea.

No soy político. Soy tan solo un simple ciudadano que  no tolera la injusticia social por la que nuestro país está atravesando. Me defino como un hombre sensible, movilizado por compasión hacia el que más lucha y menos tiene. Como ciudadano y hombre de fe no puedo soportar la insostenible situación a la cual hemos llegado. Nunca nadie podrá decir que soy un demagogo más o alguien que predica falsas promesas procurando beneficios personales. Lo que me motiva a presentarme es la indignación que siento por la cruel realidad que tenemos injustamente que soportar gracias al desbocado manejo de nuestros indiferentes gobernantes. De mí no escucharán promesas incumplibles.  No repetiré las mismas frases engañosas que los políticos predican durante sus campañas. Mi objetivo es muy claro: que nuestra nación se una bajo las consignas de los fundadores de nuestra patria para proteger nuestra libertad, nuestro progreso en pos de una mejor calidad de vida.

Nuestra futura plataforma política advocará para que nuestros jóvenes tengan acceso a una educación que les permita integrarse competitivamente en el mercado laboral; presionaremos para crear una ley que proteja a nuestros ciudadanos de la tercera edad de bajos recursos para que reciban pensiones dignas que alcancen para cubrir sus necesidades básicas y abolir el pago de impuesto en su viviendas. Tenemos que entender que ninguno de nosotros  seriamos lo que somos si no fuera por el ejemplo de amor, sacrifico y valores que ellos nos han inculcado.

Protegeremos los derechos de nuestros hombres y mujeres en uniforme, especialmente  aquellos que han combatido para defender nuestras libertades y derechos. Les garantizaremos que tendrán una transición fluida en su reincorporación a la vida civil asegurándoles trabajo y vivienda a su regreso y que las necesidades básicas de salud de ellos y sus familias estarán cubiertas.

Siendo que las bases de nuestra gran nación han sido forjadas por honestos trabajadores inmigrantes, no podemos tolerar la discriminación en ninguna de sus formas. Si uno de los problemas que tenemos en estos momentos son los inmigrantes indocumentados, debemos contemplar la posibilidad de legalizarlos para que se integren a nuestra sociedad y de esta manera ellos comenzaran a pagar impuestos como todos nosotros y podrán invertir sus muchos o pocos recursos en nuestra nación, la nación que les ha dado albergue y posibilidad de progresar. Adicionalmente necesitamos implementar un sistema de seguridad sólido y eficiente, donde  nuestras fuerzas armadas sean empleadas para sellar y proteger nuestras fronteras, minimizando futuras infiltraciones de más indocumentados, delincuentes y terroristas.

Estoy en desacuerdo con la Reforma de Salud propuesta por el actual gobierno por dos razones fundamentales. Primero porque el costo de implementar esta ley contribuiría a llevar a la bancarrota a nuestra nación. Segundo porque nuestro gobierno no les puede imponer a nuestros ciudadanos la compra obligatoria de un seguro de salud, eso va en contra de nuestra libertad de elección. Trabajaré arduamente con mi equipo de asesores legales para desarrollar un proyecto de ley de salud Universal viable donde todos los ciudadanos contribuyan con un porcentaje proporcional a sus ingresos. Necesitamos urgentemente encontrar una solución al problema de salud en los Estados Unidos que asegure elevados niveles a menores costos.

Internacionalmente quiero darle prioridad a nuestro continente Americano. Primero, porque la ayuda empieza por casa. Segundo y sumamente importante, porque no necesitamos buscar en ningún otro lado,  los mayores recursos para nuestro sustento los tenemos aquí en nuestro Continente. Creo firmemente en tener largas y buenas relaciones con nuestros países vecinos para trabajar en unidad por un mejor futuro.

Por último y de extrema importancia, necesitamos confrontar el rampante gasto excesivo que está empujando nuestra nación al borde del colapso. Nuestro déficit es como un volcán activo esperando el momento de erupción que  destruirá nuestra nación desde adentro, y acabará con todos los sueños de nuestros antepasados.

Yo quisiera preguntarles, ¿Que tanta confianza tienen Uds. en el futuro de nuestra nación con las actuales políticas de nuestro gobierno?

Solo les pido a todos los americanos compasivos por el prójimo y por sí mismos y apelo. a la gente con conciencia y valores por el bienestar social que me ayuden a reunir fuerzas y votos porque únicamente unidos triunfaremos. Solamente unidos podremos re-establecer la fe y los principios de nuestros padres fundadores para volver a ser la gran nación admirada por todos.

Que Dios bendiga los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

Dear fellow Americans,

It is time for all proud Americans to return to our values, to the foundation of our nation. We have had enough of politics and partisan privileges.

The hard reality is that both major parties, that have controlled our country for so many presidencies, continuously fail to bring prosperity and undermine our most sacred rights, the freedom to live with dignity and peace in our hearts.

It is time to do what it is best for our nation and its people and not what a handful of influential economic powers dictate for their sole benefit.

It is for this reason that, after consulting with my family, colleagues and friends around the country, I have decided to intent to qualify for the presidential candidacy of this great nation, praying to GOD for guidance and protection in this most difficult endeavor.

I am not a politician. I am just a simple person like most of us that loves and cares for our country and just cannot stand our nation’s unsustainable situation anymore.

I will not repeat the same political phrases candidates say in their speeches when they are campaigning and then not fulfill their promises. My main issue will be, to once and for all, unite our nation under the umbrella of our founding fathers and protect our freedom, peace and prosperity.

As an example of our political platform, we will push for a law that protects our low income senior citizens from paying taxes on their homestead and secure their basic needs are met.

We will protect the rights of our men and women in uniform, especially the ones that fought for our country to protect our rights and freedom. We will guarantee that, at their return, they will have secure jobs and their families will be guaranteed that their basic needs will be covered.

Since the basis of our nation is made of honest and hard working immigrants, we cannot tolerate discrimination in any form.

if one of the problems of our nation is illegal immigrants, we should contemplate the possibility of legalizing all these immigrants so they can start contributing to this country by paying taxes like all of us and by spending and investing their money in our country.

We need and we must implement a new solid and secure system to protect our borders and one option could be using the expertise of our armed forces to avoid the immigration problem in the future.  

I am against the new health law for two main reasons. First, the cost of implementing this law will contribute to bankrupt our nation. Secondly, our government cannot impose a paid insurance to every citizen; it goes against our freedom of choice.

We need to find a solution to the healthcare problem in America and find avenues to provide free insurance to the low income people and reasonable and affordable insurance premium for the rest of the population.

Internationally, I will start to give priority to our American Continent. I believe it is very important to have a long lasting relationship with our neighboring countries and work in unity for a better future of our continent.

Our continent is so rich that we have all the major resources for future generations. We need to give priority to all the products “Made In America” and rebuild the manufacturing industry that will give jobs to our people.

And last and more importantly, we need to address the rampant spending that is pushing our nation to the brink of collapse. Our deficit is like a cancer destroying our country from within.

I have a question for you. How confident are you in our nation’s future with the current trend of economic policies?

I only ask all Americans with solid values that love this country like I do to help me restore the faith and principles of our founder fathers and return this nation to be admired again as a great nation.

God bless America

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

Es ciertamente indiscutible la falta de respeto al pueblo de los Estados Unidos expresada por nuestros dirigentes políticos tomando como real el discurso del Presidente Obama ante el congreso.

En la administración del Presidente George Bush se demostró la insensibilidad y falta respeto por las personas que conformamos esta nación, pero con su mala administración nos demostró una y otra vez que como él viene de una familia económicamente solvente, solo se preocupó de sus intereses personales y no los de la nación.

En cambio el Presidente Obama que proviene de una familia modesta y humilde, con mayor razón debería tener presente y no olvidarse de las indiscutibles necesidades del pueblo de los Estados Unidos. Al haber conocido muy de cerca las carencias y las necesidades básicas de todo ser humano, no debería olvidarse tan rápidamente de tales carencias y lo prometido en los discursos que pronunció durante su campaña electoral, él mas que nadie sabiendo su origen como hijo de inmigrantes.

Siempre se ha considerado la salud y educación como un derecho fundamental el cual pese a lo que mencionan nuestros políticos se han dejado de lado y quienes dirigen nuestra nación solo piensan en sus beneficios personales; que a la fecha no he podido descifrar puesto que van creando las condiciones para un descontento popular generalizado y que a la larga solo tendríamos inevitablemente graves problemas.

El presidente mencionó en su demagógico discurso que la educación es importante y la realidad es que en los centros educativos de nuestra nación hay muchos profesionales que se están quedando sin empleo y se están cerrando facultades de estudio en universidades, todo esto porque no hay presupuesto. Una grave contradicción entre el dicho y el hecho.

Aunque muchos ciudadanos no se han querido dar cuenta a la fecha, la decisión de un Juez federal Roger Vinson al declarar la ley de salud del Presidente  Obama, como inconstitucional nos da un solevo, quiere decir que aun existen personas que consideran la salud del pueblo de los estados unidos más que  un derecho, sino una obligación del gobierno.

A continuación un extracto de la noticia emitida por los medios de prensa:

PENSACOLA, Florida, EE.UU. — Un juez federal declaró el lunes que la ley de reforma de salud del gobierno del presidente Barack Obama, es inconstitucional, apoyando la posición de 26 estados que argumentan que no  se puede obligar a la gente a comprar un seguro de atención médica.

El juez federal de distrito Roger Vinson estuvo de acuerdo con los estados en el sentido de que la nueva ley viola los derechos de la gente al obligarla a adquirir un seguro de gastos médicos para el 2014 o de lo contrario ser sancionada. El juez fué un paso más allá del fallo previo en contra de la ley, declarando todo el asunto como inconstitucional si no se detiene la exigencia de adquirir un seguro.

Abogados del gobierno habían argumentado que los estados no tienen derecho a impugnar la ley y que el caso debía ser desechado.” Read more:

http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2011/01/31/878970/juez-declara-inconstitucional.html#ixzz1CfdoocMt

Nuestra nación fue creada bajo valores fundamentales y hoy estamos pasando por un periodo en que el poder político quiere pasar sobre la constitución quitándole cada día más derechos y beneficios a los menos afortunados lo cual es una vergüenza a nivel nacional e internacional.

Sería prudente que los ciudadanos americanos antes de denominarse  Republicanos o Demócratas se den el tiempo de saber que ambos partidos son lo mismo, manejados por grupos económicos que solo condicionan a los políticos a través de los cabilderos para ver en qué forma se pueden beneficiar cada día.

Las personas pensantes de nuestra nación deben unirse y expresar sus opiniones y demostrar su interés por la gran mayoría de ciudadanos americanos que son los menos afortunados.

Hoy gracias a la mala administración de los últimos años se ha violado el Derecho a la alimentación, recuerden que las bases de nuestra nación están fundamentadas en Libertad, Salud, Educación y Alimentación.

Como si lo anterior fuera poco, hoy nuestros grandes políticos con la finalidad de asegurar su notoriedad para seguir cobrando su salario quieren pasar una ley para quitarles la nacionalidad a los hijos de los inmigrantes. Con este hecho solo se demostraría que no vivimos en un estado de derecho porque se les ha vuelto costumbre pasar por sobre la constitución y seguir sacando provecho de la desgracia popular.

Día a día veo como un Sheriff de Maricopa County, de apellido Arpaio humilla y maltrata seres humanos, deteniendo  supuestamente a ilegales y obligándolos a que se sometan a múltiples humillaciones día tras día y aunque ustedes no lo crean eso se permite en nuestra nación.

Queridos conciudadanos abran sus ojos y recuerden que hace unos años en nuestra nación la comunidad afroamericana fue desastrosamente humillada, al igual que los primeros europeos al punto que en los lugares públicos existían letreros que decían que se prohibía el ingreso de perros, negros y judíos. Con la gracia de Dios esto quedo en el pasado, pero hoy en un mundo global nuestros políticos para que sus nombres sean conocidos buscan destruir la vida de familias por el solo hecho de no tener la capacidad de defenderse y no tener la capacidad de parar estos abusos.

Yo nací en este país, soy un ciudadano común pero no puedo cerrar los ojos a tanta injusticia y falta de valores humanos sintiendo frustración al ver que nadie se atreve a denunciar estos hechos.

No permitamos que nos hagan insensibles, que nos quiten nuestros valores y dañen a más personas por intereses personales.

Si nos remontamos a la historia escrita podríamos  ver que la Casa Blanca, que representa la democracia y libertad que es la residencia del Presidente de los Estados Unidos, fue construida por esclavos afroamericanos. Que las casas y donde vivimos fueron construidas y reconstruidas por inmigrantes con o son documentos. Con esto quiero expresar que somos un país que ha pasado por grandes cambios en el tiempo tratando de llegar a un equilibrio despertando los derechos de las personas para que vivan con dignidad para que todo el esfuerzo a través del tiempo se destruyera  por los intereses de personas sin escrúpulos.

Para finalizar quisiera expresar públicamente el gran respeto que siento por nuestras fuerzas armadas Ejército, Marina y Aviación instituciones compuestas por personas  que ofrecen su vida para proteger nuestra nación pero siento gran dolor al ver regresar a nuestros jóvenes martillados o muertos de guerras sin sentido creadas solo para satisfacer los caprichos de un grupo de políticos sin escrúpulos que buscan su beneficio personal y no piensan en las familias de nuestros militares  que sufren cuando pierden un ser querido.

Nuestra nación requiere que sus gobernantes tomen conciencia de estos hechos y es responsabilidad de nosotros el pueblo de los Estados Unidos ver que así sea.

Es más digno morir por un ideal que vivir avergonzados por no tratar de defender los derecho de aquellos que no tienen la capacidad de hacerlo solos.

Dios bendiga América, al Pueblo de los Estados Unidos y que nos proteja.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

Without a doubt the new health law is an insult to the citizens of this nation the way is being expressed by our politicians if we take as real President Obama’s speech to congress.

Under the administration of  president George W. Bush it was demonstrated the insensitivity and lack of respect  for the working class of this nation, but with his attitude and bad administration, he continuously demonstrated that he comes from a wealthy family and he only cared about his personal agenda and forgot to take care of the nation’s interests.

On the other hand, President Obama, coming from modest and humble roots, should not have forgotten the undeniable necessities of the American people. He and his family, who know first hand the basic necessities of every human being, should not forget so fast the important promises that he made during his presidential campaign, he more than anybody, knowing his origin as a son of immigrants.

I have always considered health and education as a fundamental right of every individual in our country, but these issues, contrary to what politicians say, are being relegated because our leaders only think about their personal interests. It is a puzzle that up to now I haven’t decoded, since this situation only creates the grounds for generalized popular displeasure that in the long run only brings serious problems

The President mentioned in his demagogic speech, that education is important, but the reality is that many Universities and educational centers in our nation are closing down or reducing their capacity and many professionals are without jobs, all because they don’t have the budget. There is a big difference between what they say and what they do.

Even though many citizens don’t want to see the reality, the decision of the Federal Judge Roger Vinson declaring the new health law unconstitutional give us some hope, since it means that there are still persons in this country that believe that people’s health is more than a right, that it is a government’s obligation.

The following is a briefing of the news that was published by all the media:

ENSACOLA, FLORIDA, EE.UU. – A Federal Judge declares on Monday that new Health Law of President Barack Obama, is unconstitutional, supporting the position of 26 States that rejected the law under the grounds that they cannot force people to purchase a medical insurance.

The Federal Judge Roger Vinson, agrees with the States disputing the law, saying that it violates the rights of the people when they force the citizens to purchase a medical insurance before 2014 or face a sanction. The Judge went even further than the previous sentence and declares the whole law is unconstitutional if they don’t stop the requirement to obtain the insurance.

Lawyers from the government argue that the states don’t have the authority to oppose the law and have asked the court to dismiss the case. Read more:

http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/peter-roff/2011/01/31/federal-judge-declares-obamacare-void

Our nation was created under fundamental values and today we are through a period where the political power wants to ignore the constitution removing more and more rights and benefits every day from our impoverished citizens, which is an embarrassment at the national and international level.

It will be prudent if  our citizens, before declaring themselves as republicans or democrats, to take the time to see that both parties are the same, managed by powerful economic groups that manipulate our politicians through lobbyists in Congress for their own interest

 The thinking people of our nation must be united and express their opinions and demonstrate their interest for the great majority of American citizens who are less fortunate.

Today thanks to the bad administration during the last years, the Right to food has been violated. Remember that the foundation of our nation is based on Freedom, Health, Education and Feeding.

As if what I previously mentioned was not enough, today our great politicians, in order to assure their notoriety and to continue receiving their wages, want to pass a law to take away the nationality of the children of immigrants. With this action they only demonstrate that we did not live under the Rule of Law since it has become customary to ignore the constitution and continue to take advantage of the less fortunate.

Day by day, I see a Sheriff of Maricopa County, whose last name is Arpaio, humiliating and he mistreating human beings, stopping supposedly illegal aliens and forcing them to endure multiple humiliations day after day and believe it or not, this happens in our nation of freedom and justice.

Dear fellow citizens, open your eyes and remember that not too long ago in our nation, the Afro-American community was disastrously humiliated, like the first Europeans that came to this country to the point that public places had signs that said that it was prohibited the entrance of dogs, black and Jews. With the grace of God this is in the past, but today in a global world, our politicians in order to make their names known, look to destroy the life of families, only because they don’t have the capacity to defend themselves nor to stop these abuses.

I was born in this country, I am a common citizen, but I cannot close my eyes to so much injustice and lack of human values and I feel frustrated when I see that nobody has the courage to denounce these atrocities.

Let’s not become insensible, let’s not allow our values to be taken away and let more people get damaged by personal interests.

If we went back to written history we could see that the White House, that represents the democracy and freedom and it is the residence of the President of the United States, was constructed by Afro-American slaves. That the houses where we live in today were constructed and reconstructed by immigrants with or without documents. With this I want to express that we are a country that has gone  through great changes at the time, trying to arrive at a balance with the rights of the people so they can live with dignity, but all this effort has been destroyed through time by the interests of people without scruples.

In order to finalize, I would like to publicly express the great respect that I feel to our Armed Forces,  Army, Navy and Aviation institutions composed by people who offer their life to protect our nation, but I feel great pain when I see the return of our damaged or dead young people from wars without sense,  created to only satisfy the whims of a group of politicians without scruples who look for their personal benefit and does not think about the families of our military who suffer when they lose a dear one.

Our nation requires that its governants take consciousness of these facts and it is our responsibility, the citizens of the United States, to oversee they do their job properly.

It is more worth to die for an ideal than to live ashamed for not trying to defend the rights of those people who do not have the capacity to do it themselves.

God bless and protect America and the people of the United States.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

This message  is in English and Spanish / Este mensaje esta en Ingles y Español

.

Without a doubt the new health law is an insult to the citizens of this nation the way is being expressed by our politicians if we take as real President Obama’s speech to congress.

Es ciertamente indiscutible la falta de respeto al pueblo de los Estados Unidos expresada por nuestros dirigentes políticos tomando como real el discurso del Presidente Obama ante el congreso.

.

Under the administration of  president George W. Bush it was demonstrated the insensitivity and lack of respect  for the working class of this nation, but with his attitude and bad administration, he continuously demonstrated that he comes from a wealthy family and he only cared about his personal agenda and forgot to take care of the nation’s interests.

En la administración del Presidente George Bush se demostró la insensibilidad y falta respeto por las personas que conformamos esta nación, pero con su mala administración nos demostró una y otra vez que como el viene de una familia económicamente solvente, solo se preocupó de sus intereses personales y no los de la nación.

.

On the other hand, President Obama, coming from modest and humble roots, should not have forgotten the undeniable necessities of the American people. He and his family, who know first hand the basic necessities of every human being, should not forget so fast the important promises that he made during his presidential campaign, he more than anybody, knowing his origin as a son of immigrants.

En cambio el Presidente Obama que proviene de una familia modesta y humilde, con mayor razón debería tener presente y no olvidarse de las indiscutibles necesidades del pueblo de los Estados Unidos. Al haber conocido muy de cerca las carencias y las necesidades básicas de todo ser humano, no debería olvidarse tan rápidamente de tales carencias y lo prometido en los discursos que pronunció durante su campaña electoral, él mas que nadie sabiendo su origen como hijo de inmigrantes.

.

I have always considered health and education as a fundamental right of every individual in our country, but these issues, contrary to what politicians say, are being relegated because our leaders only think about their personal interests. It is a puzzle that up to now I haven’t decoded, since this situation only creates the grounds for generalized popular displeasure that in the long run only brings serious problems

Siempre se ha considerado la salud y educación como un derecho fundamental el cual pese a lo que mencionan nuestros políticos se han dejado de lado y quienes dirigen nuestra nación solo piensan en sus beneficios personales; que a la fecha no he podido descifrar puesto que van creando las condiciones para un descontento popular generalizado y que a la larga solo tendríamos inevitablemente graves problemas.

.

The President mentioned in his demagogic speech, that education is important, but the reality is that many Universities and educational centers in our nation are closing down or reducing their capacity and many professionals are without jobs, all because they don’t have the budget. There is a big difference between what they say and what they do.

El presidente mencionó en su demagógico discurso que la educación es importante y la realidad es que en los centros educativos de nuestra nación hay muchos profesionales que se están quedando sin empleo y se están cerrando facultades de estudio en universidades, todo esto porque no hay presupuesto. Una grave contradicción entre el dicho y el hecho.

.

Even thought many citizens don’t want to see the reality, the decision of the Federal Judge Roger Vinson declaring the new health law unconstitutional give us some hope, since it means that there are still persons in this country that believe that people’s health is more than a right, that it is a government’s obligation.

Aunque muchos ciudadanos no se han querido dar cuenta a la fecha, la decisión de un Juez federal Roger Vinson al declarar la ley de salud del Presidente  Obama, como inconstitucional nos da un solevo, quiere decir que aun existen personas que consideran la salud del pueblo de los estados unidos mas que  un derecho, sino una obligación del gobierno.

.

The following is a briefing of the news that was published by all the media:

A continuación un extracto de la noticia emitida por los medios de prensa:

.

PENSACOLA, FLORIDA, EE.UU. – A Federal Judge declares on Monday that new Health Law of President Barack Obama, is unconstitutional, supporting the position of 26 States that rejected the law under the grounds that they cannot force people to purchase a medical insurance.

The Federal Judge Roger Vinson, agrees with the States disputing the law, saying that it violates the rights of the people when they force the citizens to purchase a medical insurance before 2014 or face a sanction. The Judge went even further than the previous sentence and declares the whole law is unconstitutional if they don’t stop the requirement to obtain the insurance.

Lawyers from the government argue that the states don’t have the authority to oppose the law and have asked the court to dismiss the case. Read more:

http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/peter-roff/2011/01/31/federal-judge-declares-obamacare-void

PENSACOLA, Florida, EE.UU. — Un juez federal declaró el lunes que la ley de reforma de salud del gobierno del presidente Barack Obama, es inconstitucional, apoyando la posición de 26 estados que argumentan que no  se puede obligar a la gente a comprar un seguro de atención médica.

El juez federal de distrito Roger Vinson estuvo de acuerdo con los estados en el sentido de que la nueva ley viola los derechos de la gente al obligarla a adquirir un seguro de gastos médicos para el 2014 o de lo contrario ser sancionada. El juez fué un paso más allá del fallo previo en contra de la ley, declarando todo el asunto como inconstitucional si no se detiene la exigencia de adquirir un seguro.

Abogados del gobierno habían argumentado que los estados no tienen derecho a impugnar la ley y que el caso debía ser desechado.” Read more:

http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2011/01/31/878970/juez-declara-inconstitucional.html#ixzz1CfdoocMt

.

Our nation was created under fundamental values and today we are through a period where the political power wants to ignore the constitution removing more and more rights and benefits every day from our impoverished citizens, which is an embarrassment at the national and international level.

Nuestra nación fue creada bajo valores fundamentales y hoy estamos pasando por un periodo en que el poder político quiere pasar sobre la constitución quitándole cada día más derechos y beneficios a los menos afortunados lo cual es una vergüenza a nivel nacional e internacional.

.

It will be prudent if  our citizens, before declaring themselves as republicans or democrats, to take the time to see that both parties are the same, managed by powerful economic groups that manipulate our politicians through lobbyists in Congress for their own interest

Sería prudente que los ciudadanos americanos antes de denominarse  Republicanos o Demócratas se den el tiempo de saber que ambos partidos son lo mismo, manejados por grupos económicos que solo condicionan a los políticos a través de los cabilderos para ver en qué forma se pueden beneficiar cada día.

.

The thinking people of our nation must be united and express their opinions and demonstrate their interest for the great majority of American citizens who are less fortunate.

Las personas pensantes de nuestra nación deben unirse y expresar sus opiniones y demostrar su interés por la gran mayoría de ciudadanos americanos que son los menos afortunados.

.

Today thanks to the bad administration during the last years, the Right to food has been violated. Remember that the foundation of our nation is based on Freedom, Health, Education and Feeding.

Hoy gracias a la mala administración de los últimos años se ha violado el Derecho a la alimentación, recuerden que las bases de nuestra nación están fundamentadas en Libertad, Salud, Educación y Alimentación.

.

As if what I previously mentioned was not enough, today our great politicians, in order to assure their notoriety and to continue receiving their wages, want to pass a law to take away the nationality of the children of immigrants. With this action they only demonstrate that we did not live under the Rule of Law since it has become customary to ignore the constitution and continue to take advantage of the less fortunate.

Como si lo anterior fuera poco, hoy nuestros grandes políticos con la finalidad de asegurar su notoriedad para seguir cobrando su salario quieren pasar una ley para quitarles la nacionalidad a los hijos de los inmigrantes. Con este hecho solo se demostraría que no vivimos en un estado de derecho porque se les ha vuelto costumbre pasar por sobre la constitución y seguir sacando provecho de la desgracia popular.

.

Day by day, I see a Sheriff of Maricopa County, whose last name is Arpaio, humiliating and he mistreating human beings, stopping supposedly illegal aliens and forcing them to endure multiple humiliations day after day and believe it or not, this happens in our nation of freedom and justice.

Día a día veo como un Sheriff de Maricopa County, de apellido Arpaio humilla y maltrata seres humanos, deteniendo  supuestamente a ilegales y obligándolos a que se sometan a múltiples humillaciones día tras día y aunque ustedes no lo crean eso se permite en nuestra nación.

.

Dear fellow citizens, open your eyes and remember that not too long ago in our nation, the Afro-American community was disastrously humiliated, like the first Europeans that came to this country to the point that public places had signs that said that it was prohibited the entrance of dogs, black and Jews. With the grace of God this is in the past, but today in a global world, our politicians in order to make their names known, look to destroy the life of families, only because they don’t have the capacity to defend themselves nor to stop these abuses.

Queridos conciudadanos abran sus ojos y recuerden que hace unos años en nuestra nación la comunidad afroamericana fue desastrosamente humillada, al igual que los primeros europeos al punto que en los lugares públicos existían letreros que decían que se prohibía el ingreso de perros, negros y judíos. Con la gracia de Dios esto quedo en el pasado, pero hoy en un mundo global nuestros políticos para que sus nombres sean conocidos buscan destruir la vida de familias por el solo hecho de no tener la capacidad de defenderse y no tener la capacidad de parar estos abusos.

.

I was born in this country, I am a common citizen, but I cannot close my eyes to so much injustice and lack of human values and I feel frustrated when I see that nobody has the courage to denounce these atrocities.

Yo nací en este país, soy un ciudadano común pero no puedo cerrar los ojos a tanta injusticia y falta de valores humanos sintiendo frustración al ver que nadie se atreve a denunciar estos hechos.

.

Let’s not become insensible, let’s not allow our values to be taken away and let more people get damaged by personal interests.

No permitamos que nos hagan insensibles, que nos quiten nuestros valores y dañen a más personas por intereses personales.

.

If we went back to written history we could see that the White House, that represents the democracy and freedom and it is the residence of the President of the United States, was constructed by Afro-American slaves. That the houses where we live in today were constructed and reconstructed by immigrants with or without documents. With this I want to express that we are a country that has gone  through great changes at the time, trying to arrive at a balance with the rights of the people so they can live with dignity, but all this effort has been destroyed through time by the interests of people without scruples.

Si nos remontamos a la historia escrita podríamos  ver que la Casa Blanca, que representa la democracia y libertad que es la residencia del Presidente de los Estados Unidos, fue construida por esclavos afroamericanos. Que las casas y donde vivimos fueron construidas y reconstruidas por inmigrantes con o son documentos. Con esto quiero expresar que somos un país que ha pasado por grandes cambios en el tiempo tratando de llegar a un equilibrio despertando los derechos de las personas para que vivan con dignidad para que todo el esfuerzo a través del tiempo se destruyera  por los intereses de personas sin escrúpulos.

.

In order to finalize, I would like to publicly express the great respect that I feel to our Armed Forces,  Army, Navy and Aviation institutions composed by people who offer their life to protect our nation, but I feel great pain when I see the return of our damaged or dead young people from wars without sense,  created to only satisfy the whims of a group of politicians without scruples who look for their personal benefit and does not think about the families of our military who suffer when they lose a dear one.

Para finalizar quisiera expresar públicamente el gran respeto que siento por nuestras fuerzas armadas Ejército, Marina y Aviación instituciones compuestas por personas  que ofrecen su vida para proteger nuestra nación pero siento gran dolor al ver regresar a nuestros jóvenes martillados o muertos de guerras sin sentido creadas solo para satisfacer los caprichos de un grupo de políticos sin escrúpulos que buscan su beneficio personal y no piensan en las familias de nuestros militares  que sufren cuando pierden un ser querido.

 .

Our nation requires that its governants take consciousness of these facts and it is our responsibility, the citizens of the United States, to oversee they do their job properly.

Nuestra nación requiere que sus gobernantes tomen conciencia de estos hechos y es responsabilidad de nosotros el pueblo de los Estados Unidos ver que así sea.

.

It is more worth to die for an ideal than to live ashamed for not trying to defend the rights of those people who do not have the capacity to do it themselves.

Es más digno morir por un ideal que vivir avergonzados por no tratar de defender los derecho de aquellos que no tienen la capacidad de hacerlo solos.

.

God bless and protect America and the people of the United States.

Dios bendiga América, al Pueblo de los Estados Unidos y que nos proteja.

.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

Our nation has been traditionally headed by two political groups, the Democrats and the Republicans. In light of this political failure, what will the future bring to the American people and coming generations? What are the expectations to live a life with dignity and hope.

The Democrats and the Republicans  have promised, politically and publicly, to serve the nation for decades, but the reality is that both of them after consecutive failures, only prove that they serve the powerful economic groups that for generations have drained the economy of our nation and have left our citizens in the most precarious and fragile economic situation in the American history.

In light of this political failure, what will the future bring to the American people and coming generations? What are the expectations to live a life with dignity and hope.

Without desire to deepen into the subject I would like to mention the pillars for the growth and strengthening of our society which are essential for the development of every human being: Food, health, housing and education.

In light of the economic crisis that our nation is confronting, mainly due to the bad administration of the last two governments, still today our President Obama is neglecting the fundamental issue of providing basic food supplies for the American people, especially for our children, the future of our nation, that are the most affected in this national crisis. We need to understand that the cost of food has increased almost 50 % in many cases and in other cases up to 100% in the last years. All of this without any real increase in salaries for the fortunate ones that still have the opportunity to work, and without counting the millions of unemployed that are suffering with anguish and despair because they have no means to cover the basic necessities for their families.

In the health area, our government has approved a new health law that in reality does not favor the majority of our citizens; the truth is that the working force of our nation, which is the middle class, is the one being punished with this law.  As time has gone by, health for the inhabitants of our nation has become an unattainable luxury for the common citizens that do not count with the minimum economic means to afford the inflated costs of hospitals and medicines.

Regarding housing, it is a common knowledge that more than 1 million people will lose their homes this year, again as a consequence of the economic crisis provoked by the bad administration of our national resources. Under these conditions it will be even more difficult to survive.

Regarding education, consider that every human being requires the minimum conditions to develop, like been properly feed and live in the  proper environment to have good health and a decent place to live in order to facilitate a good education. All these aspects are basic and essential for a good educative and professional formation.

I would like to mention that due to the reduction in the Budget, courses that are in the annual school system are being eliminated, as well as many educational centers are starting to reduce the number of teachers and personnel because they claim don’t have enough economic resources.

All the aspects mentioned are fundamental for any society to develop properly and it is very sad to see our nation that has always been the world’s example, submerge in this deep economic, social, moral and cultural crisis. We ask ourselves, what is our future, where we are heading if the leaders elected have not provided any real solution nor have they implemented any concrete measures to improve the quality of life in this country? Each day we see less and less opportunities for the new generations and the basic elements to live are almost inexistent. We now find ourselves in an uncertain future where our values are at high risk, values that were the fundamentals of our nation.

As an example of the lack of ethics during the year 2010 in order to cover up the government deficiencies and the lack of decision of our government officials, they have played with the sentiments and necessities of our citizens, thinking that we do not know better, blaming the less fortunate, like the immigrants and other minorities, pretending to distract our attention from the real causes of the bad administration of our politicians who are the only ones to blame for the shortcomings that we are now facing. I wonder, why do we need to suffer and endure the consequences derived from the incapacity of our elected officials?

The true solution to the majority of our problems could be that our politicians would take real conscience that their salaries are paid by the people and should use all their time and energy to work for the benefit of all us, the people, and not for the groups that finance their electoral campaigns.

Keep always in mind that the power comes from the people and the government belongs to the people and that the President of our nation should serve every citizen without distinction of race, color or religion.

Equally, don’t ever forget that the White House represents the liberty and democracy of our nation, that was built by Afro-Americans like many of the houses and buildings were you live have been built by immigrants with or without documents, contributing to the development of this great nation.

With this I want to say that it is fundamental and an obligation that our government officials provide a worthy life to all the citizens of this great nation, without discriminating because everybody including the immigrants has contributed to the formation of our nation.

It is a lack of respect to the human intelligence and immoral to use the suffering of our people for electoral purposes, promising many things that will never be fulfilled. This is a direct treason to the voters and the nation that has believed in them and see their hopes and dreams get shattered by the unfulfilled promises.

In our nation we must require that all the citizens supervise the measures and actions taken by our elected officials and the government in general,  that way we will prevent our nation from heading toward the cliff, reason why I repeat the question “ Were are we heading?”

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

Note: Crisis spending numbers are based on the following report:
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pi… Since the report’s release, the Fed has spent hundreds of billions more, driving up total spending to the levels shown in this video. Correction: Bear Stearns was bailed out in March 2008, not September 2008.
Take a closer look at the government response to our current economic crisis with narrator Nick Gillespie of Reason TV. Source Stop Spending Our Future

.

.

This message  is in English and Spanish / Este mensaje esta en Ingles y Español

 

 

Our nation has been traditionally headed by two political groups, the Democrats and the Republicans. They have promised, politically and publicly, to serve the nation for decades, but the reality is that both of them after consecutive failures, only prove that they serve the powerful economic groups that for generations have drained the economy of our nation and have left our citizens in the most precarious and fragile economic situation in the American history.

Nuestra nación tradicionalmente a sido dirigida por dos grupos políticos, los Republicanos y los Demócratas, los cuales política y públicamente se han comprometido a servir al pueblo de los Estados Unidos, pero hasta la fecha, tras sucesivos fracasos solo han demostrado que han servido a los poderosos grupos económicos que han drenado la economía de nuestra nación y han dejado al pueblo americano en la mas precaria situación financiera, sin una esperanza digna de vida, recordando ilusamente todas y cada una de sus promesas electorales que nunca cumplieron ni se ve que cumplirán.

.

In light of this political failure, what will the future bring to the American people and coming generations? What are the expectations to live a life with dignity and hope.

Ante estos fracasos políticos que le espera al pueblo americano y a nuestras futuras generaciones que esperanzas de vida digna podrían esperarles.

.

Without desire to deepen into the subject I would like to mention the pillars for the growth and strengthening of our society which are essential for the development of every human being: Food, health, housing and education.

Sin el deseo de redundar debo mencionar los siguientes pilares para el crecimiento y fortalecimiento de una sociedad, para ello debemos tener presente los cuatro pilares básicos  inherentes al desarrollo de todo ser humano como son: Alimentación, Salud, Vivienda y educación.

.

In light of the economic crisis that our nation is confronting, mainly due to the bad administration of the last two governments, still today our President Obama is neglecting the fundamental issue of providing basic food supplies for the American people, especially for our children, the future of our nation, that are the most affected in this national crisis. We need to understand that the cost of food has increased almost 50 % in many cases and in other cases up to 100% in the last years. All of this without any real increase in salaries for the fortunate ones that still have the opportunity to work, and without counting the millions of unemployed that are suffering with anguish and despair because they have no means to cover the basic necessities for their families.

En esta crisis económica que esta atravesando nuestra nación como producto de una mala administración del Presidente Bush y consecutivamente del presidente Obama se ha venido  descuidando en forma integral la alimentación del pueblo americano y sobre todo de nuestra  niñez que han sido los más afectados y son el futuro de nuestra nación. Debemos tener en cuenta que los alimentos han sufrido un incremento en los precios de casi el 50% en algunos casos  y en otros el 100% en los últimos años, sin  ningún incremento en los salarios los que aun con suerte conservan un trabajo sin contar a los millones de desempleados provocados por la pésima  administración de nuestra nación sumiéndonos  en la angustia y desesperación al no poder afrontar y cubrir  las necesidades básicas de una familia.

.

In the health area, our government has approved a new health law that in reality does not favor the majority of our citizens; the truth is that the working force of our nation, which is the middle class, is the one being punished with this law.  As time has gone by, health for the inhabitants of our nation has become an unattainable luxury for the common citizens that do not count with the minimum economic means to afford the inflated costs of hospitals and medicines.

Salud, se ha aprobado una ley de salud que en si no favorece a las grandes mayorías necesitadas puesto que en el transcurso del tiempo la salud para los habitantes de nuestra nación se ha convertido en un artículo de lujo inalcanzable para los ciudadanos comunes que no cuentan con los medios económicos mínimos  para cubrir dichos costos.

.

Regarding housing, it is a common knowledge that more than 1 million people will lose their homes this year, again as a consequence of the economic crisis provoked by the bad administration of our national resources. Under these conditions it will be even more difficult to survive.

Vivienda, es de  conocimiento público que más de un millón de personas perderán sus casa este año ha consecuencia de la crisis económica provocada por una mala administración de los recurso de nuestra nación, lo que hará aun mas difícil sobrevivir en tales condiciones.

.

Regarding education, consider that every human being requires the minimum conditions to develop, like been properly feed and live in the  proper environment to have good health and a decent place to live in order to facilitate a good education. All these aspects are basic and essential for a good educative and professional formation.

Educación, teniendo en consideración que todo ser humano para desarrollarse   requiere de condiciones mínimas, tales como estar bien alimentado y contar con un ambiente propicio para tener buena salud y por ende una vivienda digna que facilitarían la educación en todos sus aspectos  son básicos y esenciales para una buena formación educativa y profesional.

.

I would like to mention that due to the reduction in the Budget, courses that are in the annual school system are being eliminated, as well as many educational centers are starting to reduce the number of teachers and personnel because they claim don’t have enough economic resources.

Debemos mencionar que por falta de presupuesto se pretende anular varios  cursos disminuyendo las materias a estudiar en el año escolar al igual que muchos centros educativo han comenzado a disminuir el número de profesores y empleados por falta de presupuesto manifestando que no existen los recursos económicos suficientes.

.

All the aspects mentioned are fundamental for any society to develop properly and it is very sad to see our nation that has always been the world’s example, submerge in this deep economic, social, moral and cultural crisis. We ask ourselves, what is our future, where we are heading if the leaders elected have not provided any real solution nor have they implemented any concrete measures to improve the quality of life in this country? Each day we see less and less opportunities for the new generations and the basic elements to live are almost inexistent. We now find ourselves in an uncertain future where our values are at high risk, values that were the fundamentals of our nation.

Los aspectos mencionados anteriormente son fundamentales para que una sociedad se desarrolle y es notorio que nuestra nación habiendo sido el país de vanguardia a nivel mundial hoy se encuentra sumergido en una profunda crisis social, económica, moral  y cultural por los que nos preguntamos cuál será nuestro futuro, hacia donde vamos,  si quienes nos representan en los cargos públicos a la fecha no nos han dado ninguna respuesta, ni han adoptado medidas concretas  para mejorar la calidad de vida del pueblo de los Estados Unidos ya que cada día se carece de las necesidades más básicas y elementales mencionadas anteriormente para el desarrollo de todo ser humano encontrándonos por lo tanto frente a un futuro incierto y de dimensiones desconocidas,  y los valores que han caracterizado a nuestra nación se están perdiendo.

.

As an example of the lack of ethics during the year 2010 in order to cover up the government deficiencies and the lack of decision of our government officials, they have played with the sentiments and necessities of our citizens, thinking that we do not know better, blaming the less fortunate, like the immigrants and other minorities, pretending to distract our attention from the real causes of the bad administration of our politicians who are the only ones to blame for the shortcomings that we are now facing. I wonder, why do we need to suffer and endure the consequences derived from the incapacity of our elected officials?

Como ejemplo de la falta de ética durante el año 2010 para ocultar las deficiencias gubernamentales y la falta de decisión de nuestros gobernantes se ha jugado públicamente con los sentimientos y las necesidades de las personas como si el pueblo de los Estados Unidos no tuviera conciencia de darse cuenta que con culpar a los menos afortunados como los inmigrantes  e indocumentados pretenden distraer las verdaderas causas de la mala administración de nuestros políticos que son los únicos y responsables directos de las penurias y necesidades que venimos atravesando,  por lo que en este extremo me pregunto por qué tenemos que padecer y sufrir las consecuencias derivadas de la   incapacidad de nuestros gobernantes.

.

The true solution to the majority of our problems could be that our politicians would take real conscience that their salaries are paid by the people and should use all their time and energy to work for the benefit of all us, the people, and not for the groups that finance their electoral campaigns.

La verdadera solución a la mayoría de nuestros problemas seria que nuestros políticos,  tomaran conciencia de que sus  sueldos lo pagamos con nuestros impuestos y por lo tanto se deben al pueblo para el pueblo y por el pueblo norteamericano consecuentemente  deberían trabajar para el beneficio de todos nosotros  y no para grupos que financian sus campanas electorales.

.

Keep always in mind that the power comes from the people and the government belongs to the people and that the President of our nation should serve every citizen without distinction of race, color or religion.

Tengan siempre  presente que el poder emana del pueble y nuestros gobernantes se deben al pueblo y que el Presidente de los Estados unidos debe de servir a todos los habitantes de esta nación sin ningún tipo de distinción de raza color o religión.

.

Equally, don’t ever forget that the White House represents the liberty and democracy of our nation, that was built by Afro-Americans like many of the houses and buildings were you live have been built by immigrants with or without documents, contributing to the development of this great nation.

De igual manera nunca se olviden de que la Casa Blanca que representa la libertad y democracia de nuestra nación fue construida por esclavos afroamericanos de raza negra al igual que muchos de los edificios donde ustedes habitan han sido construidos por inmigrantes con o sin documentos contribuyendo de esta manera al desarrollo de nuestra nación.

.

With this I want to say that it is fundamental and an obligation that our government officials provide a worthy life to all the citizens of this great nation, without discriminating because everybody including the immigrants has contributed to the formation of our nation.

Con esto quiero decir que es fundamental  y una obligación de nuestros gobernantes de  darnos la posibilidad de una vida digna a todos los ciudadanos de esta gran nación sin discriminar a todos los  inmigrantes por que quiérase o no todos han contribuido a la formación de nuestra nación.

.

It is a lack of respect to the human intelligence and immoral to use the suffering of our people for electoral purposes, promising many things that will never be fulfilled. This is a direct treason to the voters and the nation that has believed in them and see their hopes and dreams get shattered by the unfulfilled promises.

Es una falta de moral y respeto a la inteligencia humana usar el sufrimiento de nuestro pueblo como  motivo electoral prometiendo muchas cosas que al no cumplirlas sería una traición directa a los electores y a la nación que ha creído en dichas promesas al verse truncados sus sueños, sus esperanzas y sus anhelos.

.

In our nation we must require that all the citizens supervise the measures and actions taken by our elected officials and the government in general,  that way we will prevent our nation from heading toward the cliff, reason why I repeat the question “ Were are we heading?”

En nuestra nación requerimos que todos los ciudadanos se conviertan en fiscalizadores de las gestiones que realiza la administración de turno, y de esta manera evitaríamos  que nuestra nación siga caminando al despeñadero. por lo que nuevamente  cabe la pregunta hacia dónde  vamos ?.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

It’s not only greenhouse gas emissions: H.A.A.R.P. have the ability to trigger climate change.

The important debate on global warming under UN auspices provides but a partial picture of climate change; in addition to the devastating impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on the ozone layer, the World’s climate can now be modified as part of a new generation of sophisticated “non-lethal weapons.” Both the Americans and the Russians have developed capabilities to manipulate the World’s climate.

In the US, the technology is being perfected under the High-frequency Active Aural Research Program (HAARP) as part of the (“Star Wars”) Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI). Recent scientific evidence suggests that HAARP is fully operational and has the ability of potentially triggering floods, droughts, hurricanes and earthquakes.

HAARP IS A MASS DESTRUCTIVE WEAPON – NOT PART OF ANY NEGOTIATIONS

From a military standpoint, HAARP is a weapon of mass destruction. Potentially, it constitutes an instrument of conquest capable of selectively destabilizing agricultural and ecological systems of entire regions.

While there is no evidence that this deadly technology has been used, surely the United Nations should be addressing the issue of “environmental warfare” alongside the debate on the climatic impacts of greenhouse gases.

Despite a vast body of scientific knowledge, the issue of deliberate climatic manipulations for military use has never been explicitly part of the UN agenda on climate change. Neither the official delegations nor the environmental action groups participating in the Hague Conference on Climate Change (CO6) (November 2000) have raised the broad issue of “weather warfare” or “environmental modification techniques (ENMOD)” as relevant to an understanding of climate change.

The clash between official negotiators, environmentalists and American business lobbies has centered on Washington’s outright refusal to abide by commitments on carbon dioxide reduction targets under the 1997 Kyoto protocol. The impacts of military technologies on the World’s climate are not an object of discussion or concern. Narrowly confined to greenhouse gases, the ongoing debate on climate change serves Washington’s strategic and defense objectives.

WEATHER WARFARE

World renowned scientist Dr. Rosalie Bertell confirms that “US military scientists are working on weather systems as a potential weapon. The methods include the enhancing of storms and the diverting of vapor rivers in the Earth’s atmosphere to produce targeted droughts or floods.

Already in the 1970s, former National Security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski had foreseen in his book “Between Two Ages” that:

“Technology will make available, to the leaders of major nations, techniques for conducting secret warfare, of which only a bare minimum of the security forces need be appraised… Techniques of weather modification could be employed to produce prolonged periods of drought or storm. “

Marc Filterman, a former French military officer, outlines several types of “unconventional weapons” using radio frequencies. He refers to “weather war,” indicating that the U.S. and the Soviet Union had already “mastered the know-how needed to unleash sudden climate changes (hurricanes, drought) in the early 1980s.” These technologies make it “possible to trigger atmospheric disturbances by using Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) radar [waves].”

A simulation study of future defense “scenarios” commissioned for the US Air Force calls for: “US aerospace forces to ‘own the weather’ by capitalizing on emerging technologies and focusing development of those technologies to war-fighting applications.” From enhancing friendly operations or disrupting those of the enemy via small-scale tailoring of natural weather patterns to complete dominance of global communications and counterpace control, weather-modification offers the war fighter a wide-range of possible options to defeat or coerce an adversary. In the United States, weather-modification will likely become a part of national security policy with both domestic and international applications. Our government will pursue such a policy, depending on its interests, at various levels.

THE HIGH-FREQUENCY ACTIVE AURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM – HAARP

The High-Frequency Active Aural Research Program (HAARP) based in Gokoma Alaska-jointly managed by the US Air Force and the US Navy-is part of a new generation of sophisticated weaponry under the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Operated by the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Space Vehicles Directorate, HAARP constitutes a system of powerful antennas capable of creating “controlled local modifications of the ionosphere”.

Scientist Dr. Nicholas Begich-actively involved in the public campaign against HAARP-describes HAARP as: “A super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that lifts areas of the ionosphere (upper layer of the atmosphere) by focusing a beam and heating those areas. Electromagnetic waves then bounce back onto earth and penetrate everything-living and dead.”

Dr. Rosalie Bertell depicts HAARP as “a gigantic heater that can cause major disruption in the ionosphere, creating not just holes, but long incisions in the protective layer that keeps deadly radiation from bombarding the planet.”

MISLEADING PUBLIC OPINION

HAARP has been presented to public opinion as a program of scientific and academic research. US military documents seem to suggest, however, that HAARP’s main objective is to “exploit the ionosphere for Department of Defense purposes.” Without explicitly referring to the HAARP program, a US Air Force study points to the use of “induced ionospheric modifications” as a means of altering weather patterns as well as disrupting enemy communications and radar.

According to Dr. Rosalie Bertell, HAARP is part of a integrated weapons’ system, which has potentially devastating environmental consequences: “It is related to fifty years of intensive and increasingly destructive programs to understand and control the upper atmosphere. It would be rash not to associate HAARP with the space laboratory construction which is separately being planned by the United States. HAARP is an integral part of a long history of space research and development of a deliberate military nature.

The military implications of combining these projects is alarming. The ability of the HAARP / Spacelab/ rocket combination to deliver very large amount of energy, comparable to a nuclear bomb, anywhere on earth via laser and particle beams, are frightening. The project is likely to be “sold” to the public as a space shield against incoming weapons, or, for the more gullible, a device for repairing the ozone layer.

In addition to weather manipulation, HAARP has a number of related uses: “HAARP could contribute to climate change by intensively bombarding the atmosphere with high-frequency rays. Returning low-frequency waves at high intensity could also affect people’s brains, and effects on tectonic movements cannot be ruled out.

More generally, HAARP has the ability of modifying the World’s electro-magnetic field. It is part of an arsenal of “electronic weapons” which US military researchers consider a “gentler and kinder warfare”.

WEAPONS OF THE NEW WORLD ORDER

HAARP is part of the weapons arsenal of the New World Order under the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). From military command points in the US, entire national economies could potentially be destabilized through climatic manipulations. More importantly, the latter can be implemented without the knowledge of the enemy, at minimal cost and without engaging military personnel and equipment as in a conventional war. The use of HAARP-if it were to be applied-could have potentially devastating impacts on the World’s climate.

Responding to US economic and strategic interests, it could be used to selectively modify climate in different parts of the World resulting in the destabilization of agricultural and ecological systems. It is also worth noting that the US Department of Defense has allocated substantial resources to the development of intelligence and monitoring systems on weather changes. NASA and the Department of Defense’s National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) are working on “imagery for studies of flooding, erosion, land-slide hazards, earthquakes, ecological zones, weather forecasts, and climate change” with data relayed from satellites.

POLICY INERTIA OF THE UNITED NATIONS

According to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) signed at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro:

“States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.”

It is also worth recalling that an international Convention ratified by the UN General Assembly in 1997 bans “military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques having widespread, long-lasting or severe effects.” Both the US and the Soviet Union were signatories to the Convention. The Convention defines “environmental modification techniques” as referring to any technique for changing-through the deliberate manipulation of natural processes-the dynamics, composition or structure of the earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere or of outer space.” Why then did the UN-disregarding the 1977 ENMOD Convention as well as its own charter-decide to exclude from its agenda climatic changes resulting from military programs?

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ACKNOWLEDGES IMPACT OF HAARP

In February 1998, responding to a report of Mrs. Maj. Britt Theorin-Swedish MEP and longtime peace advocate–, the European Parliament’s Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defense Policy held public hearings in Brussels on the HAARP program.The Committee’s “Motion for Resolution” submitted to the European Parliament: “Considers HAARP by virtue of its far-reaching impact on the environment to be a global concern and calls for its legal, ecological and ethical implications to be examined by an international independent body; [the Committee] regrets the repeated refusal of the United States Administration to give evidence to the public hearing into the environmental and public risks [of&] the HAARP program.”

The Committee’s request to draw up a “Green Paper” on “the environmental impacts of military activities”, however, was casually dismissed on the grounds that the European Commission lacks the required jurisdiction to delve into “the links between environment and defense”. Brussels was anxious to avoid a showdown with Washington.

FULLY OPERATIONAL

While there is no concrete evidence of HAARP having been used, scientific findings suggest that it is at present fully operational. What this means is that HAARP could potentially be applied by the US military to selectively modify the climate of an “unfriendly nation” or “rogue state” with a view to destabilizing its national economy. Agricultural systems in both developed and developing countries are already in crisis as a result of New World Order policies including market deregulation, commodity dumping, etc. Amply documented, IMF and World Bank “economic medicine” imposed on the Third World and the countries of the former Soviet block has largely contributed to the destabilization of domestic agriculture. In turn, the provisions of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have supported the interests of a handful of Western agri-biotech conglomerates in their quest to impose genetically modified (GMO) seeds on farmers throughout the World.

It is important to understand the linkage between the economic, strategic and military processes of the New World Order. In the above context, climatic manipulations under the HAARP program (whether accidental or deliberate) would inevitably exacerbate these changes by weakening national economies, destroying infrastructure and potentially triggering the bankruptcy of farmers over vast areas. Surely national governments and the United Nations should address

the possible consequences of HAARP and other “non-lethal weapons” on climate change.

Can “Man” Control the Weather?

Let’s examine what man knows today about weather control.


“Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) was born in Croatia. He emigrated to the United States in 1884, worked for a short time for Thomas Edison, and became a naturalized American citizen. A pioneer in high-tension electricity, he made discoveries and inventions of great value to the development of radio transmission and in the field of electricity. 


He invented the alternating current (AC) system by which electricity can be transported through wires of thousands of miles, then sent into industrial plants to operate machinery, and into homes to provide light, heat and energy.” (Newswatch Magazine, “Earth Hanging in the Balance” Dec. 1, 1998) 


There are over 400 patents in the U.S. Patent Office registered to Nikola Tesla. 


Tesla also wrote of a method whereby weather could be controlled so that deserts could become farmlands, and where cold could be modified and heat tempered. 


“Shortly after the turn of the century, Tesla theorized that by using coordinated radio impulses, it should be possible to manipulate the part of the earth’s magnetic field that resides at the edge of space up in the ionosphere by generating giant standing waves. These waves, said Tesla, could then be manipulated to change the course of giant wind patterns, like the jet stream, that shape our weather.” (From “The Killer Electric”, by Lowell Ponte, published in Gallery magazine, August 1978.) 


“Around 1900, Tesla invented and patented a system of utilizing the earth’s natural vibrations to transmit power through the earth without wires. 


“Tesla’s system involved the use of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic cycles per second. Tesla proved that it is possible to create gigantic standing electromagnetic waves (sometimes thousands of miles long) which can be used to modify the weather and create man-made droughts, floods and storms. Tesla’s giant standing electromagnetic waves can also create long-lasting high-pressure areas.” (C.B. Baker: July 1982, in Youth Actions News, P.O. Box 312, Alexandria, Virginia 22313) 


“At Tesla’s death in 1943 some of his papers went to a museum in Belgrade (Yugoslavia). But apparently some found their way to Russia…If indeed the Russians have succeeded in uncovering some of Tesla’s lost secrets, the disarmament committees may be in for some real earth-shaking proposals.” (Bill Boshears, Cincinnati Enquirer, November 19, 1978) 


The May 27, 1983 issue of Don Bell Reports (P.O. Box 2223, Palm Beach, FL 33480) contained detailed information as to how the Soviets are operating to manipulate the weather of the United States. 


“Combining secrets gained from Tesla and technological materials and equipment obtained from the United States, The Soviets have constructed giant transmitting stations capable of producing frequencies of 40 megawatts, or 40 million watts. The highest radio transmission in the U.S. for commercial broadcasting is 50,000 watts. The Voice of America uses 100,000 watts in some of its broadcasts. But this is hardly comparable to the 40 million (40,000,000) watts used by these Soviet transmitters to project their scalar waves.” (Newswatch Magazine, Dec 1, 1998) 


In 1987-88 America suffered a series of record-setting weather related disasters. Why? 


The July 8, 1987 Arizona Republic reported that on July 7, 1987: “For reasons unknown even to weather experts, the temperature at Greensburg, Kansas jumped 20 degrees in ten minutes. In a phenomenon most people will not witness in their lifetime, the city’s temperature rose to 95 degrees by 7:40 am from 75 degrees at 7:30 am,” said Bill Ellis, an observer for the National Weather Service. “I’ve never seen anything like it, and I don’t know anybody that ever has.” He described the change as a ‘sudden wave of heat’ like you’re standing in a cool room, and you open the oven door…Greensburg’s temperature dropped to 86 degrees by 8:00 am and to a more normal 77 degrees at 10:30 am.” 


Greensburg, Kansas appears to have been directly targeted by Soviet scalar weapons, operating in a special ‘produce energy’ mode. Such a scalar mode is described in Lt. Col. Thomas Bearden’s article, “Tesla’s Electro-Gravitation, Electromagnetics and Its Soviet Weaponization.” 


The weather started going crazy. A freak tornado in Moran Junction, Wyoming was described in the August 8, 1987 Washington Post newspaper. 


“One of the worst tornado disasters in Canadian history” was how the Edmonton Journal described the July 31, 1987 tornado there that killed twenty-seven people, injured 250 and resulted in $150 million in property damage. According to the newspaper, “it killed more Albertans than ALL previous tornadoes combined.” 


On January 18, 1987 Los Alamos, New Mexico received 49 inches of snow from a three-day storm that broke all records. 


The July 18, 1987 Washington Post stated that severe rains on July 17 in San Antonio, Texas “were caused by a block of thunderstorms that stalled for three hours as it moved along the Guadalupe River, leaving 11 inches of rain behind by dawn.” 


“During the summer of 1987, massive lightning-generated forest fires occurred. The September 2, 1987 Washington Times reported that in 2 days alone, “California had 4,954 lightning strikes that resulted in 717 fires,” stated John Carter, information officer at the Joint U.S. Forest Service and California Department of Forestry command post. In southern Oregon. Lightning detectors recorded “more than 1,700 lightning strikes within 24 hours,” said Denver James of the Forest Service in Portland. 


The freak weather all across America has continued to the present, killer heat waves, droughts, record-breaking snow storms, massive earthquakes and the lowest temperatures on record are now almost becoming common on the news. 


Remember El Nino? Think about the name. It means “the boy child” in Spanish (Could it be that this is the Adversary’s mocking counterfeit for the real Boy Child, Jesus, who had power over the wind and the waves?) 


And look at the acronym of the group appointed by President Clinton to follow the course – and the carnage – of El Nino: The National Oceanic Association —NOA, as in Noah, the man who survived the flood that destroyed the whole earth. 


In 1977, the Trilateral Commission (an organization of the New World Order planning total Global Control) published official paper #13 entitled: “Collaboration with Communist Countries in Managing Global Problems.” That official report recommended: “Trilateral/Communist cooperation in nine areas of global concern” including international energy cooperation, international control of oceans and space, Trilateral/Communist cooperation in the areas of weather modification and earthquake control…” 


On September 6, 1987, the National Public Radio show, “All Things Considered,” carried an interview with Dr. Bernard Eastlund, “a physicist and an expert on oilfield development, who is a consultant for the Atlantic Richfield Oil Company (ARCO)… Dr Eastlund assigned the patent rights on his new invention to APTI, Inc., a Los Angeles subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield.” according to the New York Times, August 15, 1987. Dr. Eastlund stated that his new invention could be used to change the weather by redirecting the very high wind patterns (jet stream).


These scalar waves can also be directed to specific areas and to specific depths to cause earthquakes by disrupting the tectonic plates. 


Dr. Eastlund’s invention has been incorporated into a mammoth U.S. government project titled “The High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program” (HAARP). The December 15, 1991 Alaska Daily News carried a big article on HAARP: “Electrical energy floats high over Alaska, where it is visible as the aurora borealis, a shimmering white, green and crimson curtain. These brilliant northern lights are, in fact, the product of a huge natural generator that produces up to 10 million megawatts of power as particles from the solar wind crash into the earth’s magnetic field…There are concentrated currents, called electrojets, that flow in the ionosphere, and may sometimes reach millions of amperes. When the electrojet touches earth, as it sometimes does during magnetic storms, it can knock out telephone cables and power grids.” 


The newspaper reported that researchers from the University of Alaska, UCLA, and Penn State all engaged in pre-HAARP work: “The scientists had achieved some promising results by beaming energy into the ionosphere to create extremely low frequency (ELF) waves that can travel long distances and to great depths. ” (A perfect way to create an earthquake wherever one wishes!”) 


The June 21, 1977 New York Times reported that the U.S. shipped a 40 ton magnet (the largest in the world at that time) and a team of American scientists to the Soviet Union. That 40 ton device could generate a magnetic field 250,000 times greater than that of the earth. The purpose of that shipment was to build a more efficient Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic (MHD) power generator to help the Russians repeatedly override, blank out, and interfere with the earth’s natural magnetic field. 


Within a short time after the start of U.S. and Soviet through-the-earth transmissions, this planet’s internal dynamo was affected. The December 13, 1984 Washington Post reported that the earth had experienced a sudden unexpected slowdown in rotation. 


Scientists at the U.S. Naval Observatory and at the Jet Propulsion Lab found that the “earth, like an unbalanced washing machine,” has developed “wobbles as it spins” (July 15, 1988 Wall Street Journal). 


We are heading for disaster, just as it is prophesied in Revelation. But WE ARE GOING TO DO IT TO OURSELVES!


Just as those brilliant, ungodly, evil, genius minds brought the flood on themselves by, most probably, the same mechanism that is occurring today: weather modification with scalar waves that reached down to great depths and disrupted the massive areas of water within the earth and reached high into the atmosphere to disrupt the water canopy that surrounded the earth. 


Earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, floods and volcano eruptions can now be brought about in any area in the world where the New World Order wishes to cause death, devastation and economic destruction.

And everyone will blame it on God – – – An “Act of God!” 


Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

You need to think about the fact that whomever controls the worlds weather patterns controls the world.

Long ago I questioned the practice of weather manipulation as a tool in a new global cold war. Machines like the three Haarp machines we have in the United States can be found all over the world. I know we have two in Alaska and one in Puerto Rico . Many other nations around the planet also have and use the Haarp design machines to manipulate weather all over the world.

It is a frightening idea to know that we are all the victims of those who have the power to manipulate the weather of our planet.

You need to think about the fact that whomever controls the worlds weather patterns controls the world.

Who can grow food or who has a massive flood or years of drought are all possible with this new powerful weather technology that is being used to change jet streams, change the weather in large regions and cause or hopefully prevent horrible disasters .

I consider this ability and those using it the most dangerous people of our time.

I fear the thought of what mother nature may do to correct this new interference . I do not think we can survive what this planet will do to us if it has had enough of our manipulation and decides to clean the slate and start anew.

A chem trail attachment to this seems to be a large possibility as well.

It is as clear as a sunny day that if the spraying we have been watching over the years were simple air traffic contrails we would see it every day.

That is not the case as we have days when the spraying is so intense that it eventually covers the blue of the visible sky and other days you do not see any trails at all. I am sorry skeptics of the world, it just cannot work that way.

I am now as I have always been very suspicious and concerned about what is going on with our weather.

I realize whoever controls the weather will control the world.

Knowing that this seems to be playing out as we sit oblivious to the sky above us is a sad state of affairs.

Like so many things going on around us we remain firmly in the dark lost to the facts concerning our very survival.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.

.

Weather modification is the effort of man to change naturally occurring weather, for the benefit of someone. The best-known kind of weather modification is cloud seeding, with the goal of producing rain or snow, suppressing hail , or weakening hurricanes.

Basic Technology:

It is a common misconception that pure water freezes at a temperature of zero celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Zero celsius is actually the temperature at which ice melts. Water freezes at a temperature between 0 and -39 celsius, depending on the type of nuclei (i.e., contaminants) present. Liquid water with a temperature of less than 0 celsius is called “supercooled water”.

In November 1946, Dr. Bernard Vonnegut discovered that microscopic crystals of silver iodide (AgI) nucleate water vapor to form ice crystals. Vonnegut choose AgI crystals because there is nearly the same distance between molecules in the crystal lattice for both ice and AgI, which makes AgI the optimum material to nucleate ice. (Vonnegut, 1947) Vonnegut’s discovery is a classic example of doing the right thing for the right reason at the very beginning of new technology, as a result of scientific knowledge. (Usually, progress is made by a series of small improvements on past practices, as a result of bumbling and guesswork. In contrast to the usual way, Vonnegut used his scientific knowledge to make a giant leap that has persisted as the state-of-the-art for more than fifty years.)

Vonnegut not only discovered the ice-nucleating properties of AgI, but he also invented a practical way of generating tiny AgI particles to serve as nuclei for ice crystals. Vonnegut dissolved a mixture of AgI and another iodide in acetone, sprayed the solution through a nozzle to make droplets, then burned the droplets. (Vonnegut, 1949; Vonnegut & Maynard, 1952) In this way, one gram of AgI can produce 1016 nuclei for ice crystals. More than fifty years later, Vonnegut’s method continues to be the common way to seed clouds.

Release of AgI into an existing supercooled cloud (i.e., air temperature between -39 and -5 celsius) can convert water vapor to ice crystals, which is called sublimation. The ice crystals nucleated by the AgI will grow and local water droplets will shrink. The latent heat released by converting water vapor (or liquid water) to ice will increase vertical air motion inside the cloud and aid the convective growth of the cloud. Raindrops or snowflakes will grow larger by falling through a taller cloud. Also, moist air from evaporated moisture in the soil will be sucked into the base of the cloud by convection (i.e., updraft), thus increasing the total amount of water in the cloud. Perhaps 30 minutes after the AgI release, snow may fall below the cloud. Depending on the temperature and humidity below the cloud, the snow may change to rain, or even evaporate, before reaching the ground.

AgI is the most common ice nucleus used in cloud seeding, but it is not the only material used. Substances with temperatures less than -40 celsius (e.g., solid CO2 ["dry ice"] pellets, liquid CO2, liquid propane, liquid nitrogen, etc.) can be dropped from airplanes into the tops of clouds, to induce formation of ice crystals.

Seeding warm clouds:

Clouds that do not contain appreciable amounts of supercooled water are known as “warm clouds”. In warm clouds, most of the liquid water droplets will have temperatures greater than zero celsius. Seeding warm clouds with AgI or dry ice makes no sense, because the air temperature is too high. Seeding clouds with either a water spray or hygroscopic materials requires dumping a large mass (e.g., 1000 kg) of seeding materials from an airplane, in contrast to the much smaller amounts of AgI needed to seed a different kind of cloud.

Earlier History:

It is commonly stated that cloud seeding was invented in 1946 by employees of the General Electric Research Laboratory. This “fact” is wrong. There were at least three earlier scientific attempts to modify weather:

Prof. Emory Leon Chaffee at Harvard University dispensed charged sand from an airplane during 1924, to attempt to modify weather.

W. Veraart in 1930 dropped dry ice into clouds, in an attempt to modify weather. His technique and results were apparently published only in his book, which was in the Dutch language.

Prof. Henry G. Houghton of MIT sprayed hygroscopic solutions into fogs in 1938 to dissipate the fog.

None of these early scientists had adequate financial support for their research, so society was unable to benefit from their ideas. Looking back in time, it is clear that it is not enough to have a good idea or theoretical scientific insight into a problem. One must also have the financial resources to pay both salaries and expenses of scientists with ideas and insight. General Electric provided such resources to Langmuir and Vonnegut, and General Electric management was able to quickly arrange contracts with the U.S. Military.

Early History of Weather Modification at General Electric:

There was concern about legal liability from the earliest days of cloud seeding.

At the time of his discovery, Dr. Vonnegut worked in the research laboratory of Dr. Irving Langmuir at General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York. Their initial work on cloud seeding was funded by the Company, not the U.S. Government. General Electric rented an airplane and released dry ice into clouds on four days during November and December 1946. The last day of seeding coincided with the “heaviest snowfall of the winter” in the Schenectady, New York area, which made the Company management concerned about the possibility of cloud seeding experiments causing harmful weather. A history of early cloud seeding produced by General Electric Company says:

It was recognized that the possibility of liability for damage from cloud-seeding experiments was a very worrisome hazard in this new form of cloud experimentation. Since such a threat to the share owner’s money would not be balanced by any known gain to the Company’s products or business, there was a great reluctance to incur risks of uncertain but potentially great magnitude.

This was another  reason that any seeding experiments be conducted under government sponsorship. No further seeding flights were made until such sponsorship was provided.

Just two months later, the U.S. Army Signal Corps began a contract with General Electric for cloud modification experiments. Part of this contract stated:

The entire flight program shall be conducted by the government, using exclusively government personnel and equipment, and shall be under the exclusive direction and control of such government personnel.

Management at General Electric Company  immediately notified all those involved in the research “that it is essential that all of the General Electric employees who are working on this project refrain from asserting any control or direction over the flight program. The General Electric Research Laboratory responsibility is confined strictly to laboratory work and reports”.

This rigid division of contractual responsibilities was designed to isolate General Electric from any tort responsibility for harmful weather that might be caused by cloud seeding.

Seed hurricane:

On 13 Oct 1947, the U.S. Military (as part of Project Cirrus involving General Electric) dropped 80 kg of dry ice into a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean, safely off the eastern coast of the USA. The hurricane changed direction and traveled inland, where it did extensive damage to property in Georgia. The U.S. military classified the data from the seeding of this hurricane to frustrate litigation.

Attorneys for General Electric reviewed and censored Langmuir’s scientific publications to avoid tort liability for damage by this hurricane. A biography of Langmuir says “For the first time in Langmuir’s long career [38 years] at GE, officials occasionally wanted to know in advance what he was going to say in his public reports.”

Langmuir believed that there was approximately a 99% probability that this hurricane’s change of direction was the result of the cloud seeding. Langmuir’s opinion about the effect of the cloud seeding on this hurricane is not mentioned in any of his publications in scientific journals, but is mentioned in the 1953 final report on Project Cirrus, which was classified by the U.S. Military. It is likely that attorneys for General Electric directed Langmuir not to make any public admission that cloud seeding caused the hurricane to change direction, in order to avoid litigation against General Electric by victims of the hurricane.

Subsequent analysis of the data by meteorologists showed that this hurricane had already begun to change its direction when the seeding was done. A modern assessment is: “… it seems very unlikely that the 1947 seeding could have had much affect on the hurricane except for the seeded clouds.”

Langmuir’s cloud seeding in New Mexico:

The General Electric / U.S. Military research project released AgI and dry ice in the vicinity of Albuquerque, NM during October 1948 and July 1949. Langmuir initially claimed that this release caused rain all over the state of New Mexico and possibly in Kansas.

Langmuir’s group continued to release AgI in New Mexico between November 1949 and July 1951. Langmuir claimed that the release of AgI modified the weather, not only in the state of New Mexico, but also more than 1000 kilometers downwind. Langmuir’s claim was rejected by the meteorological community, because Langmuir’s evidence was inadequate.

The release of AgI “was discontinued in July, 1951 during the great floods in Kansas and adjacent states.” This flood was no ordinary flood: the 13 July 1951 flood at Kansas City was described as “the most devastating flood in the nation’s history”; 17 people died as a direct result of that flood, despite weather forecasts and warnings. It is still unknown what effect, if any, the AgI release in New Mexico had on rain and floods in Kansas. The modern consensus of meteorologists seems to be that the release of AgI in New Mexico probably had no effect on the rainfall/floods in Kansas, but if there was an effect, the effect would be only a small enhancement of the total rainfall. As discussed below, perhaps the more interesting lesson is not one of science, but ethics: Langmuir sincerely believed that AgI release was modifying weather at long distances from the point of release, yet he continued to engage in such weather modification for two years, despite the possibility of harm from such modification, and despite the lack of consent by affected people.

Other historical details:

On 27 December 1950, the General Electric Company announced that it would no longer enforce its patents on weather modification methods. By effectively putting its weather modification patents into the public domain, General Electric further isolated itself from tort liability for harm that might arise from weather modification technology that was developed by employees of General Electric.

Dr. Vonnegut, appearing in 1952 before a U.S. Senate committee that was considering legislation on weather modification, said:

Theory has predicted and experiments are confirming the fact that a few pounds of silver iodide released into the atmosphere in the form of fine particles can exercise a profound influence over the weather hundreds of miles away from the point of release. Clearly no private individual or group can be permitted to carry on operations over thousands or hundreds of thousands of square miles.

The potentialities, both for good and bad, which attend silver-iodide seeding are so large that the development and use of this technique must be placed in the hands of the Federal Government.

Despite Dr. Vonnegut’s clear insight into the nature of the problem, the U.S. Congress never passed a statute regulating weather modification.

Problems with Experiments:

Before one can understand legal problems of cloud seeding, including tort liability for cloud seeding, one must first understand something about cloud seeding experiments. The following terse discussion is a summary of some of the problems associated with cloud seeding. Because I have not had the time to make a thorough review of the meteorological literature, but only looked at some review articles, I have not provided citations to the original sources.

The traditional cloud seeding experiment randomly selected clouds to seed  and measured precipitation in the target area as the sole criterion of the effect of seeding. Such experiments reported in the meteorological literature superficially appear to give contradictory results: some experiments show a significant enhancement of precipitation, other experiments show no effect, and some experiments show a decrease in precipitation. Cotton (1986) has clearly explained why such a simple experiment is not adequate.

Most importantly, we lack detailed scientific knowledge on the natural production of rain, hail, or snow. Without such knowledge, we cannot predict the best time and place to seed clouds. Different physical processes may be important at different times in each cloud’s life cycle, which may give a narrow window of opportunity for intervention via injection of AgI nuclei. Further, we cannot accurately predict when and where the effect of seeding will occur.

Some cloud seeding has used smoke containing AgI from generators on the ground to provide nuclei for clouds. The AgI is supposedly transported to approximately the -10 celsius region of a cumulus cloud by naturally occurring updrafts. However, there is concern whether the AgI actually reaches this region of the target cloud and, if it does reach that region, whether the AgI is uniformly dispersed over this region of the target cloud. While ground-based AgI generators are less expensive to operate than AgI generators aboard airplanes, airplanes are a much surer way to deliver the AgI to the appropriate region of the target cloud.

AgI does not magically disappear a few hours after its release. There have been sporadic suggestions in meteorology journals and symposia that enhanced rainfall may [also] occur between 100 and 300 kilometers downwind from the point where the AgI was released. Aside from possibly modifying the weather at great distances from the intended target area, such effects could contaminate scientific experiments so that “natural” clouds in the control (i.e., nonseeded) group may contain some AgI. Such contamination would make it more difficult to prove that AgI is effective in modifying clouds.

However, even with our limited knowledge of atmospheric physics, we know that different types of clouds behave differently. For example: isolated orographic clouds differ from large, multi-celled clouds associated with a front on a surface pressure map, and both differ from tropical cumulus clouds with a top warmer than -5 celsius. Therefore, one must be careful not to apply successes (or failures) with one type of cloud to another type of cloud.

Current knowledge suggests that cloud seeding produces a small perturbation (e.g., perhaps 10% extra rainfall as the result of cloud seeding) of a phenomena that has much larger natural fluctuations [e.g., in the range from 250% to 400%. While a 10% increase in rain can be economically significant, this small increase superimposed on much larger natural fluctuations poses a very difficult problem for statistical analysis of cloud seeding experiments.

There are hundreds of articles in the scientific literature on the subject of cloud seeding, but few are available on the Internet. Dr. William R. Cotton, a professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, has posted a comprehensive review of weather modification experiments during 1989-1997. There is also a good critical review of cloud seeding experiments in Australia, written in May 1995 by Brian F. Ryan and Brian S. Sadler.

American Meteorology Society’s:

Policy on Weather Modification:

In anonymous policy statements without any bibliographic citations, the American Meteorological Society declared:

Operations that dissipate super cooled fog and low stratus (clouds containing water droplets at subfreezing temperatures) by seeding with ice-forming agents (e.g., dry ice, liquid nitrogen, compressed air, silver iodide, etc.) have become routine at some airports.

There is statistical evidence that precipitation from super cooled orographic clouds (clouds that develop over mountains) has been seasonally increased by about 10%. The physical cause-and-effect relationships, however, have not been fully documented.

Some experiments with warm-based convective clouds [bases about 10 Celsius or warmer] involving heavy silver iodide seeding have suggested a positive effect on individual convective cells, but conclusive evidence that such seeding can increase rainfall from multicell storms has yet to be established.

There are indications that precipitation changes, either increases or decreases, can also occur at some distance beyond intended target areas. Improved quantification of these extended (extra-area) effects is needed to satisfy public concerns and assess hydrologic impacts.

The efficacy of projects intended to mitigate the severity of hailstorms remains indeterminate. Statistical assessments of certain operational projects indicate successful reduction of crop hail damage, but scientific establishment of cause and effect are incomplete. Results of various operational and experimental projects provide a range of outcomes.

Hurricane modification experiments of the 1950s and 1960s were inconclusive. Although strong research interest continued into the 1970s, no organized research effort was undertaken, and few studies have been devoted to this subject for the past 20 years.

The use of untested weather modification techniques during severe droughts, as a means of increasing precipitation, is not recommended. Opportunities to increase precipitation are typically minimal during droughts and only well-tested techniques should be considered, realizing that only limited precipitation augmentation will probably result.

The above-cited Policy Statements from the American Meteorological Society are apparently intended to provide easy-to-read guidance to nonscientists (e.g., government officials, legislators, and potential clients of cloud seeders). These policy statements provide an authoritative, consensus view of the then current scientific knowledge. However, these policy statements are not a limitation on what might be achieved in the future.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has a statement on weather modification.

Ethical Issues:

There are several broad classes of ethical issues that are relevant to cloud seeding:

a scientist’s alleged ethical responsibility for use of his/her discoveries or knowledge for “undesirable” goals. This concern was initially voiced in response to scientists who designed and developed nuclear weapons, which could kill millions of people. I say “alleged ethical responsibility”, as I believe that information is morally neutral, and it is the use of that information that causes benefits or harms. Any ethical or legal responsibility for the use of information clearly belongs to the user, not the discoverer, of the information.

A  scientist’s obligation to conduct his/her research in an ethical manner, including obtaining consent from affected people. This concern was initially voiced in response to physicians who conducted medical experiments on people without their consent.

Society’s ethical or legal obligation to use technology wisely, to avoid long-term adverse effects on the environment. This ethical concern was initially voiced in connection with industrial pollution of air and rivers, which are natural resources that belong to everyone.

Tthe ethical obligation of a professional scientist to share his/her discoveries with other scientists through publication in scholarly literature or books.

From this viewpoint, it is remarkable that research scientists in the late 1940s and during the 1950s apparently had no hesitation in releasing AgI into the atmosphere, as if the atmosphere were their private laboratory, instead of part of the natural environment that belongs to everyone. Perhaps the enthusiasm of those scientists was part of the Zeitgeist in the early 1950s in which science and technology could solve all problems and make a better world. And there was no governmental mechanism in the late 1940s and early 1950s by which scientists could have asked permission to experiment with the natural environment. It is inappropriate to apply modern ethics and laws to scientists in the late 1940s and early 1950s.

Even more remarkable to me is the rapid development of corporations that performed operational cloud seeding, which intended to modify everyone’s weather in a large area, without the consent of a majority of the affected people (indeed, without informing most affected people).

Among other concerns, it is possible that some unregulated commercial cloud seeding contaminated scientific experiments on cloud seeding. In my opinion, it was premature to be conducting operational cloud seeding before such programs had been scientifically proven to be safe and effective, a point that I make later in this essay.

Ethical Obligation to Publish?:

Unlike scientists who share their discoveries and knowledge in journals published by professional societies, the early commercial cloud seeders regarded their knowledge as proprietary information (i.e., protected by the law of trade secrets) to be used to enhance their ability to earn an income, but not to share with others.

One commercial cloud seeder, writing just four years after Vonnegut’s discovery, said:

It is estimated that fully 85% of the cloud seeding conducted in a reasonably professional manner has not been reported on in any scientific or technical journal.

Elliott, 1951. An analyst who examined approximately 1300 articles in the meteorological literature, published between 1946 and 1960, concluded:

… commercial projects place in the open literature only about one-tenth as much information as that generated by comparable non-commercial projects. This is not to say that complete documentation may not reside in the files of commercial operators and their clients.

Below, I mention the need for publication of the results of weather modification experiments in archival professional journals and books to share knowledge, to prevent repetition of past mistakes, as well as to provide a basis for public recognition of a technique as safe and effective.

There are two contrasting attitudes about publication. Scientists doing basic research are oriented toward publication, because that is how they build their professional reputation amongst other scientists. On the other hand, industrial employers of technicians and engineers commonly regard their discoveries as proprietary information that gives the employer an advantage in a competitive marketplace.

It is incorrect to frame these contrasting attitudes about publications as professors vs. employees of industrial corporations, because research scientists employed by major for-profit corporations (e.g., Langmuir and Vonnegut at General Electric Company) are often prolific authors. Industrial corporations can protect their financial investment in scientific research through patents, or make a profit on research contracts with the government that involve publication of results of basic scientific research.

However, commercial cloud seeders are small for-profit companies that cannot afford to engage in basic research (i.e., these small companies cannot afford to do what General Electric did in 1946 in sponsoring Langmuir’s and Vonnegut’s work on cloud seeding, nor what Bell Telephone Laboratories did in other areas of science and engineering). The goal of a company is to serve its customers: clients of commercial cloud seeders want modified weather, not scientific experiments, and not technical publications in scientific journals.

Environmental Zeitgeist:

From the viewpoint of the history of technology, it is interesting to speculate on the effect of the environmental protection movement during the late 1960s and early 1970s on weather modification. The Zeitgeist of 1950 was that science and technology were Good, and could cure all problems. The Zeitgeist of 1970 was that technology caused many problems and that “natural” was better. The point here is not to discuss which Zeitgeist is correct or preferable, but simply to recognize that each Zeitgeist affected public enthusiasm for the technology of cloud seeding.

There is no evidence (and no reason to suspect) that cloud seeding produces long-term (e.g., time durations of years or tens of years) environmental changes. In this way, cloud seeding is unlike slowly decaying radioactive waste, accumulations of toxic chemicals in the ecosystem, or long-term inadvertent weather modification (e.g., global warming or destruction of the ozone layer in the stratosphere). However, environmental awareness may have convinced many people to avoid cloud seeding, only because cloud seeding was “unnatural”.

Support of Basic Scientific Research:

Many of the problems with the law of weather modification are attributable to our lack of basic scientific understanding of how clouds produce rain, and how cloud seeding modifies processes in the cloud. Specifically, the lack of basic scientific understanding has led to:

Perplexing problems with deciding where, when, and how to seed clouds.

Misleading advertising and false promises to farmers and ranchers, who are customers of weather modification.

Uncertainty about how government should regulate cloud seeding (i.e., many states have repeatedly enacted and repealed statutes regulating weather modification, in a blind struggle to make appropriate laws).

Allegedly insurmountable problems for plaintiffs in proving that cloud seeding caused the harm that they suffered, so that courts were unable to provide a remedy to possibly injured plaintiffs.

Cotton & Pielke, show that financial support from the U.S. Government for weather modification research steadily increased from 1960 until 1972, crashed in 1974-75, increased in 1976, and steadily declined during 1979-84.

Writing just ten years after the invention of AgI cloud seeding, Prof. Henry G. Houghton of MIT said:

Early overoptimistic claims of increases of rainfall of several hundred per cent have given way to much more modest figures. In spite of increased scientific knowledge and experience with many rain-making projects we still lack a definitive and generally-accepted statement on the quantitative capabilities of rain making.

Many past failures have doubtless resulted from seeding the wrong storms and from a failure of active seeding materials to reach the proper regions of the clouds. The full potential of rain making will not be realized until we acquire more complete knowledge of natural precipitation processes and refine seeding technology.

A prerequisite to the control of any phenomenon is complete knowledge of its operation. Our understanding of atmospheric processes is still too incomplete to permit us seriously to propose methods of control. Nevertheless our recent progress in meteorological research is such that it no long appears visionary to talk about weather control.

It would be unthinkable to embark on such a vast experiment before we are able to predict with some certainty what the effects would be. Without such knowledge the effects might be catastrophic or, as a lesser evil, there might be no noticeable effect after expenditure of large sums. A much more reasonable approach lies in continuation of basic research.

In his final paragraph, Prof. Houghton said:

All too often we Americans confuse technological progress with research. Basic research is the search for an understanding of nature’s mysteries with no immediate practical applications in mind. The life-blood of technological progress is the results of such basic research and we can no longer depend on other countries to supply this vital plasma. Basic research in meteorology can be justified solely on the economic importance of improved weather forecasting but the possibility of weather control makes it mandatory.

From the perspective of more than 45 years later, Prof. Houghton was exactly correct in calling for more basic scientific research. Unfortunately, politicians and government bureaucrats were oblivious to Houghton’s wisdom. Thirty five years later, the American Meteorological Society’s policy statement (AMS, 1992) echoed Houghton’s earlier statement.

As one example of the practical value of basic research, Vonnegut in 1947 was able to use published measurements of the size of the atomic lattice in various materials, to find the optimum material for nucleating ice crystals. Vonnegut (1947) cited measurements for ice published in London, England in 1929 and measurements for AgI published in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in 1928. Thus, basic research in crystallography led, twenty years later, to the discovery of the optimum material for nucleating ice in clouds, a finding of immense practical importance for weather modification. It is inherently not foreseeable what the benefits of basic scientific research will be. Again, quoting from Prof. Houghton:

… I wish to emphasize that all aspects of basic research in meteorology should be carried forward. For all we know some other phenomenon such as atmospheric electricity may hold the key to weather control. No matter what happens we can cannot lose on this course. Even if weather control proves to be impossible, the knowledge gained from a sound research program cannot fail to result in improved weather forecasts and many other, as yet unimagined, benefits to mankind.

A famous atmospheric physicist wrote in 1958:

… we face here one more of those many instances in the history of science where far too little research support was given to investigations while they were apparently of only academic interest. When, after 1946, there seemed to exist some prospect of control over a natural phenomenon whose economic value is so high, support of cloud physics research jumped by, what I would estimate must surely have been, a factor of two to three orders of magnitude, and total numbers of workers in the field must have increased by a factor of something like two orders of magnitude. Yet so complex are the phenomena one encounters in attempting rational modification of precipitation, that even after a decade of investigations at these unprecedented levels of support, meteorologists still face many very fundamental questions not yet answered. Had fundamental meteorological research been sustained during earlier decades at a level in keeping with the importance of meteorological phenomena in all man’s affairs, this embarrassing dearth of basic observational and theoretical background would not have so limited rapid progress toward evaluation of, and improvement upon, the discovery in 1946 of means of modifying cloud processes.

It is particularly disappointing, but not really surprising (in view of the following paragraphs in this essay), that financial support for work in atmospheric physics began a rapid decline in 1979.

Government has short-term view:

Both legislators and government executives in the USA work on time scales between two and six years, which are the lengths of election cycles. Cotton & Pielke  noted, these legislators and executives demand “significant progress” within this short duration. Their unrealistic demands cause several problems:

preventing consistent long-term (i.e., tens of years) financial support for scientific research. The government’s short-attention span disrupts scientists’ careers, as scientists are forced to chase the latest fad in government funding. Scientific research is difficult enough without politicians and government bureaucrats disrupting long-term financial support for research.

Overemphasizing achieving practical goals (i.e., developing useful technology), without first understanding the basic scientific principles. Such a policy puts the cart before the horse. There are two bad effects of this policy. First, solving practical problems is made unreasonably difficult, since workers have inadequate knowledge and must guess instead of design. Second, when a solution to a practical problem is found, adverse side effects of that solution are unknown, because of the lack of basic scientific knowledge.

Leading scientists to make false promises of quick benefits from research, in exchange for financial support for that research. Cotton & Pielke remark on “overselling” the promise or benefits of cloud seeding:

The claims that only a few more years of research and development will lead to a scientifically-proven technology that will contribute substantially to water management and severe weather abatement, were either great exaggerations, or just false.

The hyperbole of scientists doing research, and also of commercial cloud seeders, is unprofessional and may diminish the trust that laymen have in scientists.

This is not the place to discuss the complex subject of how the government in the USA has failed to properly support basic scientific research since the mid-1970s. However, it is important to understand that the resulting lack of basic scientific understanding underlies the failure of law (i.e., both statutes, regulations, and common law) to adapt to the new technologies offered by weather modification. Worse, meager financial support for scientific research means that the benefits of science and technology are long delayed to society who wants to avoid to avoid harm from natural weather (e.g., drought, floods, hail, hurricanes, etc.).

Suggestions:

Basic scientific research should occur first. Only after the applicable scientific principles are understood can we have a rational application of law to weather modification, such as determining in tort litigation if a cloud seeder caused a flood or drought, or determining if a cloud seeder was negligent. Good laws and good regulations cannot be based on possibilities and conjectures.

Two-step process:

Until there is scientific proof that a weather modification technique is both safe and effective, every attempt to use that technique should be part of a scientific research program that is carefully designed, conducted, and analyzed. It is essential that every such program be reported in archival professional journals and books, to share knowledge and to prevent repetition of past mistakes, as well as to provide a basis for public recognition of a technique as safe and effective.

After there is scientific proof that a weather modification technique is both safe and effective, then that technique may be used in operational programs. However, it would still be a good policy to have a government agency review and approve each operational plan, before granting a permit for operational weather modification.

Above, I mentioned the fact that commercial cloud seeders have generally been reluctant to publish new knowledge that they create, as companies are loath to help their competitors. Further, small companies cannot afford to pay the entire cost of basic scientific research projects. To solve the conflicting goals between (1) the need of society for unbiased scientific information and (2) the desire of commercial cloud seeders to be profitable, the federal government should give generous financial support for basic scientific research in a broad range of atmospheric sciences, including scientific evaluations of unproven weather modification techniques.

I suggest that society ought to insist that basic scientific research be published in exchange for the government financially supporting that research, and also in exchange for society tolerating the risk of harm from weather modification experiments.

Paul Chehade:.

www.paulchehade.org

.